Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a critical role in blood clotting and bone metabolism. The two primary forms of vitamin K are vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and vitamin K2 (menaquinone). Vitamin K1 is found in leafy green vegetables, while vitamin K2 is produced by bacteria in the gut and is also found in fermented foods.
Vitamin K is essential for the production of several proteins involved in blood clotting. Without adequate vitamin K, bleeding can occur and wounds may not heal properly. In addition, vitamin K is involved in the regulation of calcium in the body, helping to maintain healthy bones and prevent osteoporosis.
While vitamin K deficiency is relatively rare, certain groups of people may be at increased risk, such as newborn infants and those taking certain medications that interfere with vitamin K absorption. Excessive intake of vitamin K can also be a concern for those taking blood-thinning medications, as it can interfere with their effectiveness.